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We present the largest number of Milky Way sized dark matter halos simulatedat very high mass ($\sim$$10^4$ M$_\odot$/particle) and temporal resolution($\sim$5 Myrs/snapshot) done to date, quadrupling what is currently availablein the literature. This initial suite consists of the first 24 halos of the$Caterpillar$ $Project$ (www.caterpillarproject.org) whose project goal of 60 -70 halos will be made public when complete. We resolve $\sim$20,000gravitationally bound subhalos within the virial radius of each host halo. Overthe ranges set by our spatial resolution our convergence is excellent andimprovements were made upon current state-of-the-art halo finders to betteridentify substructure at such high resolutions (e.g., on average we recover$\sim$4 subhalos in each host halo above 10$^8$ M$_\odot$ which would haveotherwise not been found using conventional methods). For our relaxed halos,the inner profiles are reasonably fit by Einasto profiles ($\alpha$ = 0.169$\pm$ 0.023) though this depends on the relaxed nature and assembly history ofa given halo. Averaging over all halos, the substructure mass fraction is$f_{m,subs} = 0.121 \pm 0.041$, and mass function slope is d$N$/d$M\proptoM^{-1.88 \pm 0.10}$ though we find scatter in the normalizations for fixed halomass due to more concentrated hosts having less subhalos at fixed subhalo mass.There are no biases stemming from Lagrangian volume selection as all Lagrangianvolume types are included in our sample. Our detailed contamination study of264 low resolution halos has resulted in obtaining very large andunprecedented, high-resolution regions around our host halos for our targetresolution (sphere of radius $\sim$$1.4 \pm 0.4$ Mpc) allowing for accuratestudies of low mass dwarf galaxies at large galactocentric radii and the veryfirst stellar systems at high redshift ($z \geq$ 10).

The Caterpillar Project: A Large Suite of Milky Way Sized Halos