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Using moderate-resolution optical spectra from 58 background Lyman-breakgalaxies and quasars at $z\sim 2.3-3$ within a $11.5'\times13.5'$ area of theCOSMOS field ($\sim 1200\,\mathrm{deg}^2$ projected area density or $\sim2.4\,h^{-1}\,\mathrm{Mpc}$ mean transverse separation), we reconstruct a 3Dtomographic map of the foreground Ly$\alpha$ forest absorption at $2.2<z<2.5$with an effective smoothing scale of$\sigma_{3d}\approx3.5\,h^{-1}\,\mathrm{Mpc}$ comoving. Comparing with 61coeval galaxies with spectroscopic redshifts in the same volume, we find thatthe galaxy positions are clearly biased towards regions with enhanced IGMabsorption in the tomographic map. We find an extended IGM overdensity withdeep absorption troughs at $z=2.45$ associated with a recently-discoveredgalaxy protocluster at the same redshift. Based on simulations matched to ourdata, we estimate the enclosed dark matter mass within this IGM overdensity tobe $M_{\rm dm} (z=2.45) = (9\pm4)\times 10^{13}\,h^{-1}\,\mathrm{M_\odot}$, andargue based on this mass and absorption strength that it will form at least one$z\sim0$ galaxy cluster with $M(z=0) = (3\pm 2) \times10^{14}\,h^{-1}\mathrm{M_\odot}$, although its elongated nature suggests thatit will likely collapse into two separate clusters. We also point out a compactoverdensity of six MOSDEF galaxies at $z=2.30$ within a $r\sim1\,h^{-1}\,\mathrm{Mpc}$ radius and $\Delta z\sim 0.006$, which does not appearto have a large associated IGM overdensity. These results demonstrate thepotential of Ly$\alpha$ forest tomography on larger volumes to study galaxyproperties as a function of environment, as well as revealing the large-scaleIGM overdensities associated with protoclusters and other features oflarge-scale structure.

Shadow of a Colossus: A z=2.45 Galaxy Protocluster Detected in 3D Ly-a Forest Tomographic Mapping of the COSMOS Field