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Problem statement: Thrombophilia has been recently implicated in earl y pregnancy loss and IVF implantation failure, by impairing the init ial vascularization process occurring at implantati on, which is necessary for a successful pregnancy. Approach: The aim of this study is to assess the presence possibility of mutation in thrombophilic g enes (Factor V (FV) gene, Prothrombin (PT) gene and Methylenetetrahydrofolate Reductase (MTHFR) gene) in women with repeated IVF-embryo transfer failure with unknown causes. The study was performed on patients with two or more previously failed IVF-embryo transfer cycles with u nknown causes. Women who conceived spontaneously with no previous history of miscarria ge and women who have had successful pregnancy after their first IVF-embryo transfer cycle are inc luded as control groups. Results: There are increase in allelic frequencies of thrombophilic genes (fact or V, prothrombin and methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase) mutation, in addition to genotype freque ncies (both homozygote and heterozygote) and increase in frequency of multiple gene mutations am ong women with IVF- embryo transfer failure. Conclusion: Thrombophilia has a significant role in IVF- embry o transfer implantation failure. Women with repeated IVF- embryo transfer failure should be screened for Thrombophilia to avoid repeated IVF- embryo transfer failure.

Thrombophilic Genes Mutations in Women with Repeated <i>In-Vitro</i> Fertilization Failure