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Problem statement: The role of plasmid in the heavy metal resistance &#13; and accumulation by endophytic bacteria was investigated. Approach: The &#13; experimental results showed that high level plasmid mediated Cd2+ and Zn2+ resistance &#13; in this strain is due to decreased Cd2+ and/or Zn2+ uptake/accumulation by resistance &#13; strain. Results: Based on the fact that subsequent plasmid curing &#13; experiments demonstrated that the ability to grow in presence of Cd2+and Zn2+ &#13; was encoded by the 98 kb plasmid, whereas the ability to grow in presence of Pb2+ &#13; appeared to be encoded by the chromosome. The Cd2+ and Zn2+ removal capacity of &#13; the respective metal resistant strain (pBN4) were about 36 and 45 µg g-1 &#13; DW respectively, while the removal capacity of the both metal by sensitive variant &#13; showed a significant high Cd2+ and Zn2+ removal capacity of 153 and 228 µg &#13; g-1 DW respectively. Conclusion: The isolated endophytic Enterobacter &#13; was not only tolerant to heavy metals, but also bound considerable amount of heavy &#13; metals from the growth medium. The biosorbed order of the metals by parental strain &#13; and its cured derivatives strain based on the cell dry weight was found to be &#13; in the order of Pb2+> Zn2+>Cd2+

Plasmid Mediated Tolerance and Removal of Heavy Metals by Enterobacter sp