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Problem statement: A 500 m3 semi-commercial closed anaerobic &#13; digester was constructed for Palm Oil Mill Effluent (POME) treatment and methane &#13; gas capture for renewable energy. During the start-up operation period, the Volatile &#13; Fatty Acids (VFA) accumulation could not be controlled and caused instability &#13; on the system. Approach: A settling tank was installed and sludge &#13; was recycled as to provide a balanced microorganisms population for the treatment &#13; of POME and methane gas production. The effect of sludge recycling rate was studied &#13; by applying Organic Loading Rates (OLR) (between 1.0 and 10.0 kgCOD m-3 day-1) &#13; at different sludge recycling rates (6, 12 and 18 m3 day-1). Results: &#13; At sludge recycling rate of 18 m3 day-1, the maximum OLR was 10.0 kgCOD m-3 day-1 &#13; with biogas and methane productivity of 1.5 and 0.9 m3 m-3 day-1, respectively. &#13; By increasing the sludge recycling rate the VFA concentration was controlled below &#13; its inhibitory limit (1000 mg L-1) and the COD removal efficiency recorded was &#13; above 95% which indicated good treatment performance for the digester. Two methanogens &#13; species (Methanosarcina sp. and Methanosaeta concilii) had been identified from &#13; sludge samples obtained from the digester and recycled stream. Conclusion: &#13; By increasing the sludge recycling rate upon higher application of OLR, the treatment &#13; process was kept stable with high COD removal efficiency. The biogas and methane &#13; productivity were initially improved but reduced once OLR and recycling rate were &#13; increased to 10.0 kg COD m3 day-1 and 18 m3 day-1 respectively

The Effect of Higher Sludge Recycling Rate on Anaerobic Treatment of Palm Oil Mill Effluent in a Semi-Commercial Closed Digester for Renewable Energy