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Arctic Ground Squirrels (AGS) are classic hibernators known for their tolerance to hypoxia.&#13; AGS have been studied as a model of hypoxia with potential as a medical research model. Problem&#13; statement: Their unique resistance to the stressors of low oxygen led us to hypothesize that AGS&#13; might also be adaptable to hyperoxia. Approach: This study examined the physiological pattern&#13; associated with hyperoxia in response to brain tissue oxygen partial pressure (PtO2), brain temperature&#13; (Tbrain), global oxygen consumption (VO2) and respiratory frequency (fR) using non-sedated and nonanesthetized&#13; Arctic Ground Squirrels (AGS) and rats. Results: We found that 1) 100% inspired&#13; oxygen (FiO2) increased the baseline values of brain PtO2 significantly in both summer euthermic AGS&#13; (24.4 ± 3.6-87.3 ± 3.6 mmHg, n=6) and in rats (18.2 ± 5.2-73.3 ± 5.2 mmHg, n = 3); PtO2 was&#13; significantly higher in AGS than in rats during hyperoxic exposure; 2) hyperoxic exposure had no&#13; effect on brain temperature in either AGS or rats, with the brain temperatures maintaining constancy&#13; before, during and after 100% O2 exposure; 3) systemic metabolic rates increased significantly during&#13; hyperoxic exposure in both euthermic AGS and rats; moreover, VO2 were significantly lower in AGS&#13; than in rats during hyperoxic exposure; 4) the respiratory rates for rats were maintained before, during&#13; and after 100% O2 exposure, while the respiratory responding patterns to hyperoxic exposure changed&#13; after exposure in AGS. AGS fR was significantly lower after hyperoxic exposure than before the&#13; exposure. Conclusion: These results suggest that hyperoxic ventilation induced PtO2 and VO2 differences&#13; between AGS and rats and led to altered respiratory patterns between these species. AGS and the rat&#13; serves as an excellent comparative model for hypoxic and hyperoxic stress studies of the brain

Effects of Hyperoxia on Brain Tissue Oxygen Tension in Non-Sedated, Non- Anesthetized Arctic Ground Squirrels: An Animal Model of Hyperoxic Stress