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Problem statement: Equine Infectious Anemia (EIA) is a chronic, relapsing infectious&#13; disease of horses caused by Equine Infectious Anemia Virus (EIAV). The objective of this experiment&#13; was compared EIAV effectiveness detection in Peripheral Blood Mononuclear Cells (PBMCs) and&#13; Bronchoalveolar wash (BAW) from naturally infected horses. Approach: Fifty seven DNA samples&#13; isolated from PBMCs and BAW of naturally infected animals were used for a nested PCR amplifying a&#13; 408 bp gag gene fragment region. Equine Dermal cells (ED) infected and non infected by EIAV was&#13; used as nested PCR negative and positive control. Horses blood samples were firstly tested as positive&#13; in Agar Gel Immunodiffusion Assay (AGID). Results: Results demonstrated 89% (51/57) of gag gene&#13; amplification in PBMCs samples and only 47% (27/57) of gag gene amplification in BAW samples.&#13; Conclusion: The nested PCR assay used in the present study detected more EIAV positive samples in&#13; PBMC than in BAW, indicating PBMCs as a reliable source for EIAV diagnosis

EIAV Effectiveness Detection by Nested PCR Comparing two Different Samples: PBMCs and Bronchoalveolar Wash