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Problem statement: Gladiolus is cultivated commonly for cut flower production, frequently&#13; as a protected crop. The glasshouse or polytunnel environment, providing excellent conditions for flower&#13; production, also make conditions more favorable for disease to develop. Approach: The pathogen&#13; Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. gladioli causes wilt diseases in a wide range of economically important plants&#13; and can have devastating effects on crop production. Trichoderma harzianum and Aneurinobacillus&#13; migulanus were tested separately and in combination for controlling F. oxysporum f. sp. gladioli activity&#13; in soilless culture using Perlite as the substrate. Results: The efficiency of both of antagonists against&#13; corm rot was evaluated based on vegetative and root growth parameters and on flowering parameters. T.&#13; harzianum was more effective than A. migulanus in disease suppression and also enhanced plant&#13; growth, increased flower production and quality. A. migulanus enhanced plant growth when tested alone.&#13; The mixture of antagonists reduced the efficiency of T. harzianum. Numbers of T. harzianum CFU in the&#13; substrate and on corms increased following application compared with treating with both antagonists. No&#13; T. harzianum was detected in the substrate by 120 day after planting, however, A. migulanus CFU&#13; significantly decreased on corms when inoculated in combination with T. harzianum and F. oxysporum&#13; f. sp. gladioli. However, A. migulanus CFU was not detected in the substrate of the same combination.&#13; SEM and Glasshouse results suggested that suppressive mechanisms of T. harzianum and A. migulanus&#13; differed. T. harzianum appeared to operate through a combination of antibiosis and substrate competition,&#13; whereas A. migulanus produced an electron-dense substance which may have inhibited the penetration of&#13; host tissues by F. oxysporum f. sp. gladiolus. Greater growth of T. harzianum was observed when&#13; inoculated alone or with F. oxysporum f. sp. gladioli hyphae. Conclusion: It was concluded that T.&#13; harzianum provided a more efficient and effective control of F. oxysporum f. sp. gladioli corm rot of&#13; Gladiolus when inoculated without A. migulanus

american journal of agricultural and biological sciences

The Efficiency of &lt;i&gt;Trichoderma harzianum&lt;/i&gt; and &lt;i&gt;Aneurinobacillus migulanus&lt;/i&gt; in the Control of Gladiolus Corm Rot in Soil-Less Culture System