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The study was conducted on five Balami sheep breed to determine and characterize the alpha S1 casein gene. Five blood samples were collected from each animal intravenously using sterile needle and syringe. The blood samples were placed in labelled tubes containing ethylene diamine tetraacetic acid (EDTA). The blood samples were transported in on ice cold chain container to the laboratory for analysis. Quick-DNA Miniprep TM kit used for DNA extraction and amplified using forward and reverse primers (CSN1S1F 5’-ACCCCTCAGGTACCCTAAGAAA-3’ and CSN1S1R 5’-GTTTATACACTGCATTC-3’). The gene was sequenced and blasted against the NCBI database. Single nucleotide polymorphism analysis was performed to ascertain the variations. Multiple sequence alignment and phylogenetic analysis within and with the reference sequence was conducted online bioinformatics tools. Result from the analysis reveals that, the extracted DNA were found on chromosome 6, intron 16 and exon 17. The Balami breeds of sheep showed total number of polymorphic and monomorphic site of 68 and 600 respectively, and percentage of polymorphism of 10.18%. The Balami breed showed one amino acid substitution and genetic variation within breeds. Complete molecular characterization, genotyping and determination of allele frequency of alpha S1 gene in Balami breed of sheep indigenous to Nigeria and its variations is recommended for further research.

Alpha S1-Casein Gene Polymorphısm in Nigerian Balami Sheep Breed Indigenous to Mubi