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Spatial distributions of the toxic dinoflagellate, Alexandrium tamarense, were examined in the Okhotsk Sea off Hokkaido in summer to clarify the relationship between its distribution and water mass structure. Surveys were conducted at 37 stations in late July in 2002-2007. Water samples for cell counts of A. tamarense were collected from each layer of 0, 10, 20, 30 and 40 m depth at each station. Nutrient concentrations of each water sample in 2004-2007 were analyzed. Results show that A. tamarense appeared every year although its abundance fluctuated year by year, and it rarely appeared in 2005. A high abundance of A. tamarense tended to be found frequently in the oceanic area of surface low-salinity water (LSW, salinity < 32.5) and in mixed water (MW) among the water masses, while a low abundance was found along the coastal area of the Soya Warm Current (SWC, salinity > 33.6) and in the dichothermal water (DTW, water temperature < 2°C) layer depth > 30 m. PO4-P concentrations in each water mass were in the order DTW > LSW > SWC. The lowest PO4-P concentration in the SWC might be limiting factor for growth of A. tamarense. On the other hand, the reason for low A. tamarense abundance in the DTW might be due to the low water temperature. The results suggest that the LSW is the optimum water mass for growth of A. tamarense.

Spatial distribution of the toxic dinoflagellate Alexandrium tamarense in summer in the Okhotsk Sea off Hokkaido, Japan