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There are many sand banks in Seto Inland Sea, making patchy shallow zones less than 10 m deep. Due to the shallow environment, the surface sediment on the sand banks in the Hojo area, in the southern part of Aki Nada, Shikoku Island, Japan, often has a larger amount of benthic microalgae than other areas. We hypothesized that benthic microalgae contributed to the secondary production of coastal waters around sand bank areas, and investigated the food-web structure of the Hojo area using stable isotopes in early summer, mid summer and fall. Mean carbon isotopic signatures of several consumers in early summer ( 16.9 to  15.1‰ for polychaeta;  17.3 to 13.9‰ for brachyuran crabs;  17.2 to  15.3 for fish) and fall ( 16.2 to  14.3‰ for shrimps;  14.0 to  11.2‰ for brachyuran crabs) were more enriched than that of the particulate organic materials of the surface water around sand banks (mainly phytoplank- ton) ( 20.5 0.0‰ in early summer and  18.3 0.1‰ in fall). Organic materials attached to cobbles, representative of benthic microalgae, showed similar or more enriched signatures than consumers ( 14.7 0.0‰ in early summer and  10.3 0.0‰ in fall). These results suggest that benthic microalgae on the sand bank contribute greatly to the sec- ondary or higher production of coastal waters in Hojo area.

plankton and benthos research/plankton and benthos research

Sand banks contribute to the production of coastal waters by making a habitat for benthic microalgae in the sublittoral zone: food web analyses in Aki-Nada using stable isotopes