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hepatitis C (HCV) viruses account for the majority of the cases with chronic liver disease.[2] HCV is an RNA virus belonging to the flavivirus family and is more common in Pakistan than HBV infection. Currently there are seven different genotypes of the HCV. Acute hepatitis C infection is less common and accounts for 15-20 percent of cases while the remaining 80-85% cases progress to chronic infection. The spontaneous recovery rate of acute infection depends upon the genotype and genetics of HCV. There are at least 6 different genotypes of the HCV, which are further subdivided into a and b. At the nucleotide level, they have more than 30 differences in structure. Genotype 1 is more prevalent worldwide and 50-60 % of patients in the US have genotype 1. In the US 10-15 % of patients have genotype 2, while genotype 3 is more common in Introduction: Hepatitis C infection is a common health problem worldwide and is the major cause of chronic liver disease in Pakistan. Common complications of chronic hepatitis C infection are cirrhosis, asities, and hepatocellular carcinoma. Also, hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection is associated with several extrahepatic manifestations including interstitial lung fibrosis. It has been found that the frequency of pulmonary fibrosis is increased in patients with cirrhosis of the liver as the stage of cirrhosis advances. This lung fibrosis can cause a restrictive pattern of pulmonary function tests. This study was conducted to determine the frequency of restrictive pulmonary function in patients with different stages of chronic hepatitis C infection, based on Child-Pugh classification. Method: Ninety-nine patients of age range 20 to 80 years, both males and females having chronic hepatitis C infection and interferon negative patients, were enrolled from outpatient and inpatient departments of medicine, Mayo Hospital Lahore. Patients were divided into three groups according to Child’s criteria. Pulmonary function tests were performed on patients to look for FEV 1/FVC ratio. FEV1/FVC ratio greater than 80 was considered as restrictive pulmonary function. Results: Out of 99 patients, 32% were found to have a restrictive pattern of pulmonary functions. Conclusion: Chronic hepatitis C infection is associated with a restrictive pattern of pulmonary function, suggestive of pulmonary fibrosis.

Frequency of restrictive pulmonary function tests in patients with chronic Hepatitis C