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RESUMO: O presente artigo tem por escopo a análise da natureza jurídica da responsabilidade civil do Estado em matéria ambiental por omissão do seu cumprimento adequado do dever de fiscalizar, determinante para a concretização ou o agravamento do dano causado, no âmbito da jurisprudência do Superior Tribunal de Justiça. A pesquisa fora examinada com base na evolução histórica, nos conceitos, nos fundamentos e nas teorias sobre a responsabilidade civil do Estado segundo a doutrina e jurisprudência pátria e suas implicações. Neste sentido, no intuito de elaborar um estudo que compreendesse a reponsabilidade civil do Estado segundo a doutrina e a apreciação dos casos julgados pelo Superior Tribunal de Justiça sobre o tema, utilizou-se do método dedutivo. Por fim, observou-se que o dever do Estado, nesses casos, independe da existência de culpa, atribuindo-lhe a responsabilidade objetiva, solidária e ilimitada. ABSTRACT: The purpose of this article is to analyze the legal nature of the civil liability of the State in environmental matters by failing to comply adequately with the duty to supervise, which is decisive for the realization or aggravation of the damage caused, set in the jurisprudence of the Superior Court of Justice. The research was decomposed in the analysis of historical evolution, and also concepts, fundamentals and theories on the civil liability of the State according to the doctrine and jurisprudence of the country and its implications. Through a deductive method of research, it was intended to elaborate a study which contemplated the analysis of the civil liability of the State according to the doctrine and the appraisal of the cases judged by the Superior Court of Justice on the subject, concluding, in the end, that the duty of the State in these cases does not depend on the existence of guilt, hence the responsibility is objective, solidary and unlimited.

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A responsabilidade civil do Estado em matéria ambiental por omissão do cumprimento adequado do dever de fiscalizar na jurisprudência do Superior Tribunal de Justiça