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Wireless sensor networks (WSNs) and the Internet of Things (IoT) together play an important role in real-time smart applications. Nowadays, IoT is becoming an essential component in human life for easiness and comfortable living. WSNs are used in various applications such as surveillance systems, human health monitoring, military operations, environmental monitoring etc. WSNs have tiny devices called sensor nodes (SN). These SNs have limited battery. WSN assisted IoT consumes more energy in SN communication. All traditional protocols divide network into zones for communication. No existing protocols discuss about the SN deployment ratio in each zone. Therefore, a novel energy-efficient SN deployment scheme for two-stage routing protocol (EE-DSTRP) has been proposed to lessen the energy depletion of SNs and extend the stability period of the network. A novel approach for SN deployment is proposed which is based on the golden ratio. The deployment method is an important factor for reducing the energy usage of a network. To validate its efficiency, simulation experiments are conducted and obtained results prove that the proposed EE-DSTRP protocol is superior to its comparative protocols.

Energy Efficient Sensor Node Deployment Scheme for Two Stage Routing Protocol of Wireless Sensor Networks assisted IoT