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Previous studies have reported the rela onship between high maths anxiety and poor maths achievement but the precise aspects of maths and the circumstances under which maths anxiety would have a nega ve effect on performance remained debatable. The present study set out to inves gate the effects of maths anxiety on maths performance under both med and un med condi ons using complex and simple arithme cal problems (with and without carry or borrow opera on respec vely). University students with high levels of maths anxiety performed significantly poorer than those with medium or low maths anxiety in complex but not simple addi on and subtrac on problems. This interac on betweenmaths anxiety and problem complexity remained significant even when test anxiety levels were par alled out. There was no evidence to support me pressure as a source of anxiety. Our findings provide the first report of a detrimental effect of maths anxiety on arithme c performance in adult par cipants, having controlled for test anxiety.

Teasing apart the effects of maths anxiety and test anxiety on arithmetic performance