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Based on 5-(4-hydroxyphenyl)-2-octylpyrimidine  8 , 5-phenylpyrimidine derivatives  3 – 7 ,  9  with different spacer chain lengths (C 2  up to C 6 ) and different terminal polar groups (Br, Cl, N 3 , OH, CN) were synthesized by etherification and nucleophilic substitution. The mesomorphic behaviour of these compounds was investigated by differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), polarizing optical microscopy (POM) and X-ray diffraction (WAXS and SAXS) and revealed smectic A mesophases for bromides, chlorides and azides  3 ,  4  and  6 . For these compounds a maximum phase width was observed for the C 5  spacer regardless of the terminal group, whereas the hydroxy- and cyano-substituted derivatives  5  and  7 , respectively, were non mesomorphic and showed only melting transitions.

Influence of spacer chain lengths and polar terminal groups on the mesomorphic properties of tethered 5-phenylpyrimidines