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Electrodermal activity (EDA) was investigated in 162 neurotic outpatients who were randomly assigned to 4 weeks of treatment with various combinations of placebo, amitryptiline, and diazepam. During the measurement of EDA, all patients heard a series of tones. Ninety-one patients experienced this habituation series with no accompanying task (Condition 1), and 71 performed a simple forewarned reaction time task to which the tones were irrelevant (Condition 2). Amitriptyline produced a consistent reduction in skin conductance level and in response magnitudes in both conditions. Diazepam produced a marked reduction in responding in Condition 1, but in Condition 2 responses to the tones were reduced by the attention-engaging reaction time task, and diazepam did not produce a further reduction. Subjects treated with diazepam were more likely to press the RT button erroneously in response to the tones. These subjects had the lowest levels of skin conductance activity. On the other hand, the subjects who made such errors although not treated with diazepam had the highest levels of skin conductance activity. This interaction between the effects of diazepam and task performance in Condition 2 suggests that diazepam affects EDA at a relatively central level, since its effects interact with the attentional demands of the situation.

The effects of chronic treatment with amitriptyline and diazepam on electrodermal activity in neurotic outpatients