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In two experiments, rats received an injection of LiCl before being placed in a distinctive context. The formation of an aversion to the context was evident in the rats’ unwillingness, on a subsequent test trial, to consume a (normally palatable) sucrose solution in that context. Experiment 1 demonstrated that the size of the context aversion was reduced in rats that received an injection of the antiemetic ondansetron, a selective 5-HT3 antagonist, immediately prior to the injection of LiCl. Experiment 2 confirmed this effect and showed it to occur also in rats that received an injection of ondansetron prior to the test trial (thus ruling out an explanation of Experiment 1 in terms of state-dependency of conditioning). The implications of these findings for the development of an animal learning model of the conditioned side effects experienced by patients undergoing cancer chemotherapy are considered.

Contextual conditioning with an illness US is attenuated by the antiemetic ondansetron