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It has been demonstrated that there are two phases differing in spatial and temporal properties in the classical motion aftereffect (Bonnet, Bouvier, & Petiteau, 1976; Bonnet & Pouthas, 1972; Favreau, 1976; Taylor, 1963). Lovegrove, Mapperson, and Bowling (1980) investigated these two phases by varying the inter stimulus interval between inspection and test stimuli. They demonstrated that while the magnitude of aftereffect in Phase 1 was uninfluenced by the relative color of inspection and test stimuli, the magnitude of Phase 2 was significantly greater when inspection and test stimuli were viewed in the same colored light than when they were viewed in different colored light under monoptic viewing conditions. It was argued (Lovegrove, Over, & Broerse, 1979; Lovegrove et al., 1980) that the properties of these two phases of the motion aftereffect correspond with the properties of transient and sustained channels identified by both physiological (Cleland, Dubin, & Levick, 1971; Enroth-Cugell & Robson, 1966; Gouras, 1974) and psychological evidence (Kulikowski & Tolhurst, 1973; King-Smith & Kulikowski, 1975; Tolhurst, 1977). There are two distinct contrast thresholds in the perseption of such stimuli as flickering gratings (KingSmith & Kulikowski, 1975), moving gratings (Hess, Howell, & Kitchin, 1978), and moving spirals (Richards, 1971). One threshold is for the detection of movement without form, and the other for the detection of form in the moving stimulus. The general argument is that movement thresholds are mediated by transient cells and form thresholds by sustained cells. Color-motion processing in the human visual system has previously been investigated using luminance threshold measures by Mayhew (1973), who showed color selectivity in direction-specific adaptation. Mayhew (1973) interpreted his data as evidence for the existence of neural processes selective for both color and motion, although he did not consider his results in terms of possible sustained-transient involvement. The use of a threshold measure combined with the data on separate motion and form thresholds for moving gratings provides a further means of testing the hypothesis proposed by Lovegrove et al. (1980). If Phases 1 and 2 of the motion aftereffect do reflect adaptation of the color-insensitive transient and the color-sensitive sustained cells, respectively, it is predicted that following adaptation to a colored moving grating the elevation in the form threshold of a moving test grating would depend on the color relationship between the inspection and test stimuli, whereas elevation of the motion threshold would not. The present experiment investigates this prediction.

Color-selective adaptation in contrast thresholds for detecting the form but not the motion in moving gratings