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The present study investigates the prevalence of Trypanosoma evansi in dromedary camels in Al-Ahsa area of Eastern Saudi Arabia using both parasitological and serological methods. Six hundred camels were examined in this study at three different locations in Al-Ahsa area namely University Veterinary Clinic, Hufof Veterinary Clinic, and Hufof Slaughterhouse. These camels were grouped according to their age into three groups, under 1 to 2 years, over 2 to 9 years and over 9 years old. The association of animal age and sex with Trypanosoma evansi infection was also investigated. Clinical examination of the surveyed camels showed loss of appetite in 2.3% of these animals, 13.3% of the camels suffering from diarrhea, 5.2% showed loss of weight while the rest of the surveyed camels (79.2%) were apparently healthy. Parasitological examination including Wet Mount Technique (WMT), Stained Blood Smears (SBS), and Hematocrit Centrifugation Technique (HCT) of blood samples obtained from the 600 surveyed camels failed to reveal any trypanosomes in these animals. Card Agglutination Test for Trypanosomes (CATT), however, was able to detect the presence of anti-T. evansi antibodies in the serum of 12.17% of the surveyed animals. Most of the seropositive camels were in the age group over 2 to 9 years, followed by those aging over 9 years, while the least seropositive cases were those aging under 1-2 years. The majority of the seropositive camels showed moderate agglutination level. The sex of camels showed high seropositivity to T. evansi in females compared to male camels.

Prevalence of Trypanosoma evansi in Dromedary Camels (Camelus dromedarius) in Al-Ahsa Area of Eastern Saudi Arabia