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This study explores the types of language learning motivation possessed byJapanese EFL learners from diverse learning milieus. Research on L2 motivationhas long been conducted within the paradigm of social psychology. However,the revival of interest in L2 motivation in the 1990s shows a clear shift to aneducational focus in which L2learners' cognitive and affective characteristicsand classroom considerations have become major areas of concern. Followingthis trend, the present study employed a 50-item motivational questionnairebased on several motivational components from educational and socialpsychology. The questionnaire was administered to 1,027 participants fromvarious learning contexts. Exploratory factor analysis confirmed sixmotivational factors and the follow-up multivariate analysis of variance(MANOVA) indicated that some factors are characteristic of certain languagelearning milieus, while others are common to all situations. The results arediscussed in terms of the motivational characteristics of EFL learners inJapan.

Language Learning Motivation of EFL Learners in Japan-A Cross-Sectional Analysis of Various Learning Milieus