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Background: Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is a metabolic syndrome that affects a large proportion of the population, if not well controlled; this will lead to serious metabolic problems, including atherosclerosis, predominantly coronary artery disease (CAD).Irisin is a peptide hormone, secreted mainly by the heart and skeletal muscle. It has a role in converting white adipose tissue to brown adipose tissue. It is one of the novel biochemical markers that link diabetes with CAD.Objective : To explore the relationship between serum Irisin level and duration of diabetes, in cases of presence and absence of CAD, As well as the possibility of using it as a marker for the assessment of the severity of the disease.Method: One hundred sixty-one volunteers aged [(40-60 year), body mass index (20- 25Kg/m2)], with normal blood pressure. They divided into six groups, that distributed as [(Ia = control (negative catheterization without DM), Ib = control (apparently healthy), IIa = DM (with negative catheterization) IIb = DM (diagnosed by history and clinical examination), IIIa = CAD (without DM, positive catheterization), IIIb = CAD + DM (positive catheterization)]. The diabetic groups with and without CAD had been divided depending on the duration of the diabetic onset into three periods ( 10 years). The parameters that measured were FPG, HbA1c and fasting serum (Irisin, lipid profile).Results: The present findings showed the Means (± SD) value of Irisin levels was a significant decrease in (IIa, IIb, IIIa, IIIb ) groups as compared with control groups (Ia, Ib). In addition, there is an inverse relationship between serum Irisin and the duration of DM in the total DM groups (IIa +IIb) and the CAD + DM group (IIIb). Moreover, higher statistical decrease in mean serum level of Irisin with duration of DM was found in CAD + DM group as compared with the total DM group. Also, there was a significant decrease in mean serum level of HDL-C for (IIa, IIb, IIIa, IIIb) groups than in (Ia, Ib) groups. Besides, there was a significant decrease in the mean of serum HDL level in CAD groups (IIIa, IIIb) than in DM groups (IIa, IIb). While the means of FPG level, HbA1c, serum cholesterol level, were significantly elevated in groups (IIa, IIb, IIIb) as compared with (Ia, Ib) groups. Also, there was a significant increase in the mean serum levels of triglyceride, VLDL-C and LDL-C for (IIa, IIb, IIIa, IIIb ) groups than in the control groups.Conclusion: Irisin was lower among patients with long-standing diabetes (with or without CAD) as compared to those with short duration of T2DM that can be included as a marker for assessment the severity of diabetes and prediction of CAD.

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Serum Levels of Novel Biochemical Marker (Irisin) in Relation to the Duration of Type 2 Diabetes & in Cases of Type 2 diabetes with Coronary Artery Disease in Iraqi Patients Aged (40- 60 year)