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—In this paper, we discuss optical encryption and decryption considering wireless communication channels. In wireless communication systems, the wireless channel causes noise and fading effects of the transmitted information. Optical encryption technique such as double-random-phase encryption (DRPE) is used for encrypting transmitted data. When the encrypted data is transmitted, the information may be lost or distorted because there are a lot of factors such as channel noise, propagation fading, etc. Thus, using digital modulation and maximum likelihood (ML) detection, the noise and fading effects are mitigated, and the encrypted data is estimated well at the receiver. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first report that considers the wireless channel characteristics of the optical encryption technique. Keywords —Optical Encryption and Decryption, Wireless Communication Channels 1. I NTRODUCTION In information communication technologies, encryption has been researched widely [1-17]. Optical encryption techniques [5-16] have higher encryption speed than non-optical encryption methods. Optical encryption with digital holography [18] generates two holograms for the encrypted data and the key information; thus enabling secure storage and data transmission. Another optical encryption method, which is polarization encryption of holography [19], can encrypt original holographic data as two-dimensional polarization distribution. Both optical encryption techniques mentioned above need an optical holographic recording system. Thus, they require a complicated system structure. On the other hand, double-random-phase encryption (DRPE), which is one of the most widely used, has a simple system structure [5]. Note, however, that it has a weak point when the decryption keys are used many times without being updated. To address this problem, DRPE with photon-counting imaging techniques has been reported [13]. It considers a photon-limited version of the encrypted distribution such as Poisson distribution [20-22] in a perfect channel environment. In wireless communication systems, the wireless channel induces noise and fading effects of the transmitted information. Thus, in this paper, we analyze the wireless communication systems for optical encryption data. When the encrypted data is transmitted via a wireless channel, the transmitted data is distorted by a lot of factors such as channel noise, propagation fading, etc. [23-25]. Obtaining the correct encrypted data at the receiver requires digitally modulating the encrypted information at the transmitter and correctly detecting the modulated signals at the receiver [23-25]. In addition, non-linear correlation filters may be used to recognize the primary information [26]. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first report that considers the wireless

Optical Image Encryption and Decryption Considering Wireless Communication Channels