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Introducao:Apos a divulgacao da inclusao da prova de maratonas aquaticas na olimpiada de Pequim em 2008, o esporte natacao em aguas abertas viu seu numero de novos praticantes aumentar muito. A natacao em aguas abertas e caracterizada por provas nos mares, lagos, lagoas, represas, rios e outros espelhos d´agua. No Brasil com sua extensa costa e bacias hidrograficas gigantes, fornece locais excelentes para a pratica de tal modalidade, o que se reflete num grande numero de adeptos. Faz algum tempo que o anuncio de incidentes fatais nas provas de aguas abertas tem se tornando mais comum. Com isso alguns autores vem debrucando-se sobre o tema buscando esclarecer o por que dessas mortes.Objetivo: O objetivo deste comentario foi descrever as possiveis causas dos eventos fatais em aguas abertas e sugerir acoes para tornar mais segura esta atividade.Conclusao: Apesar da dificuldade de determinar as causas mortis dos participantes de provas de aguas abertas, e possivel levantar hipoteses sobre provaveis causas, a saber: temperatura elevada da agua, sindrome do QT longo, conflito autonomico, pânico. Como sugestao para evitar essas mortes sugere-se: triagem medica rigorosa, evitar temperaturas elevadas, evitar temperaturas muito baixas, provas que obedecam a criterios de seguranca (controle do numero de participantes, equipe de resgate experiente e em numero adequado, UTI movel, condicoes ambientais e climaticas favoraveis).Deaths in Open Water Swimming, Why?Introduction: Since the inclusion of aquatic marathon competitions in the Olympic games of Beijing 2008, there was an increased number of new open water swimmers. Open water swimming is characterized by competitions at seas, lakes, lagoons, dams, rivers and other water mirrors. In Brazil, the extensive coast and enormous watersheds, offers excellent locations for the modality, which reflected by the great number of adepts. For some time, the announcement of fatal incidents has become more frequent. Thus, some authors have been researching about it and trying to understand those deaths.Objective: The aim of this commentary was to describe the possible causes of the fatal events in open waters and to suggest safety actions for such activity.Conclusion: Although there is difficulty in determining causa mortis in practitioners at open water competition, it is possible to raise hypothesis about possible causes: elevated water temperature, long QT syndrome, autonomic conflict, pulmonary edema, and panic. Aiming to prevent deaths is recommended: rigorous medical screening, avoid elevated water temperatures, avoid low temperatures, competitions must obey safety criteria (control of the number of participants, experienced rescue team and in adequate number, ambulance, favorable ambiental and climatic conditions).

Mortes na Natação de Águas Abertas, por quê?