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In spite of the economic importance of the Xiphinema americanum-group nematodes, the information on the group has not been updated in Japan since the work of Shishida (1983). Xiphinema brevicolle Lordello et Costa, 1961 is one of the member species of the X. americanum-group and the occurrence of X. brevicolle in Japan was recently reported for the first time (Sakai et al., 2011). During a survey for plant-parasitic nematodes of commercial ornamental plant nurseries in Chiba Prefecture, Japan, we detected other populations of X. brevicolle from root zone soil samples of Japanese holly (Ilex crenata Thunb.) at several locations. As specific identification of the X. americanum-group is difficult even for nematode taxonomists familiar with the genus Xiphinema (Luc and Baujard, 2001), it is essential to accumulate information on morphological and molecular aspects of intra-specific populations to clarify the intra-specific variation. This study was conducted using morphological characters of females and DNA sequences of the mitochondrial COI region and the nuclear ribosomal RNA regions (rDNA) to study intra-specific variations of the species.

Intra-specific variation of Xiphinema brevicolle Lordello et Costa, 1961 (Nematoda: Longidoridae) in Japan