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Epileptic encephalopathies make up a group of electroclinical syndromes that are characterized by to have an established presenting age, clinical neurological deterioration secondary to persistent epileptic activity and an irregular response to classical pharmacological treatments. Its etiology is variable, and its precipitating factors are controversial. Since the 90’s, the role of inflammation in epilepsy has been described, through to the findings like the presence of inflammatory cells and molecules in cerebrospinal fluid and surgical specimen from affected patients. Among the molecules that actively participate in this process we can find interleukins, which may be pro-inflammatory or anti-inflammatory and that may alter the permeability of the blood-brain barrier, modify the liberation of neurotransmitters and induce permanent neuroexcitation. The persistence of the neuronal excitability promotes the recurrence of seizure and refractariety to the conventional treatments. This is why we propose that the effectiveness of the immunomodulation therapies in patients with epileptic encephalopathies might be due to control the subjacent inflammatory state.

The Role of Interleukins in Epileptic Encephalopathies and Immunomodulation with Adrenocorticotropic Hormone