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After graduation, high school seniors face difficult decisions concerning their postsecondary education. Postsecondary education occurs after high school, including enrollment in four-year universities, two-year higher-education institutions, or trade schools. The importance of obtaining a college education is evident in the projected difference in income between individuals who hold a high school diploma and those who hold a postsecondary degree (Baum & Payea, 2013). However, being underprepared for the rigors of college-level work is a barrier that many students must overcome before they even begin college courses. Students considered underprepared typically do not have the academic and affective skills needed to succeed in college-level courses. Affective skills are those needed for students to control their emotions during the learning process (Vermunt, 1996). The gap in preparedness between secondary and postsecondary education causes approximately 40% of graduating seniors who enter college to require DE courses before starting college-level courses (Adams, 2012), and the number of students who enter postsecondary education requiring DE is a challenge for both twoand four-year institutions of higher education (Pretlow & Wathington, 2012). According to ACT (2015), students not considered college ready at the beginning of their freshman year are less likely to succeed in reaching their educational goals by comparison to those who are. Researchers at a California institute found that approximately 72% of students identified as college ready graduated, while only approximately 39% of students deemed underprepared did so (Allen & Bir, 2012). The attrition rate among students deemed as underprepared is a driving force that has led twoand four-year universities to create summer bridge programs to increase the academic and affective skills students need to be successful in college. These programs focus on decreasing the length of students’ DE course sequences and increasing academic preparedness and the affective skills needed to be successful at the college level. The components of summer bridge programs vary across institutions in length, focus, and structure; however, one commonality is that all are designed to help underprepared students achieve their postsecondary goals.

Effectiveness of a Summer Bridge Program at McLennan Community College