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The São Marcos river basin, located in the states of Minas Gerais, Goiás and the Federal District, has relevant importance in agricultural production and electric power generation, leading to conflicts over water use. The main objective of this paper was to bring proposal for optimization surface water use, minimizing water use conflicts between hydroelectric generation (Batalha and Serra do Facão Hydroelectric Power Plants) and irrigation through central pivots. New criteria were analyzed in the estimation of the reference flow, with determination on seasonal basis, considering the six wettest months (October to March) and the six driest months (April to September), besides the adoption of different from those currently adopted by the States of Minas Gerais (50% of Q7,10), Goiás (70% of Q95) and Federal District (80% of Q7,10), with higher percentages and less than the maximum allowable flow. For the change in reference flows calculated on seasonal basis, there was a worsening of water availability when using the dry season, with an increase of 8% of the critical areas. For the rainy season, there was a decrease of approximately 2% in the critical areas. In the replacement of the grant criteria, what brought the best results was the adoption of the criterion of 80% of Q7,10, where only 2.3% of the watershed area were above the grantable limits. In regions where scarcity situations are more frequent, maximum cuts in the volume captured up to 89% were estimated. In the Serra do Facão reservoir, the potential for capture is favorable, and it is possible to increase demand in the region without harming the generation of electricity. In 27% of the months, the Batalha reservoir was at its minimum reserve due to the high demands in the region. However, this study contributes to the planning and management of surface water resouces in the river São Marcos watershed.

Conflitos no aproveitamento hídrico na bacia hidrográfica do rio São Marcos, Alto Paranaíba