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Background: Lung cancer is still the leading cause of death for malignancies worldwide. Urokinase plasminogen activator (uPA), its soluble receptor (suPAR), and its inhibitor (PAI-1) play an important role in tumor invasion and metastasis. This study aimed to evaluate the differences in the urokinase plasminogen activator system (uPA, suPAR, and PAI-1) in lung cancer patients before and after chemotherapy.Methods: This research was an observational analytical study with a cross-sectional design. The subjects were 30, consisting of 17 lung cancer patients before chemotherapy and 13 lung cancer patients after chemotherapy for 4 or 6 cycles. The levels of serum uPA, suPAR, and PAI-1 were measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Results: In lung cancer patients before chemotherapy, there were no significant (p&gt;0.05) differences in levels of serum uPA, suPAR, and PAI-1 between patients with stage III and IV. The highest serum uPA and suPAR levels were found in adenocarcinoma cell types and the highest serum PAI-1 level in adenoepidermoid cell types. After chemotherapy, serum suPAR and PAI-1 were significantly (p  0.05) differences in the levels of serum uPA, suPAR, and PAI-1 between patients with chemotherapy responses for stable and progressive diseases. Conclusion: This study revealed that suPAR and PAI-1 levels were decreased in lung cancer patients who had received chemotherapy. This can occur due to decreased tumor cells activity. 

The Differences in Urokinase Plasminogen Activator System in Lung Cancer Patients Before and After Chemotherapy