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Superconductivity in iron pnictides and chalcogenides arises by chemical doping of their antiferromagnetic parents compounds. By common usage, a parent compound is one which has a composition such that the nominal valence of Fe is 2+ with maximum possible magnetic moment of 4μB/Fe. From the very beginning of this 3-year-old field, the relationship between superconductivity and parent antiferromagnetism has been a primary focus of attention. The materials have a layered structure, with each layer containing a square lattice of Fe atoms. Their electronic properties are primarily associated with the Fe 3dorbitals; most, if not all, of the five 3d-orbitals are active at low energies. The appropriate microscopic Hamiltonian contains a kinetic-energy part involving both intraand inter-orbital hoppings, as well as an interaction component featuring Coulomb repulsions and Hund’s coupling. For the purpose of our discussion, it is adequate to label the kinetic energy t and interaction U .

Iron Based Superconductors: Parent Antiferromagnet goes Insulating