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A numerical study has been carried out to determine the combustion characteristics, engine performance, and emissions of a spark-ignition (SI) engine. In this work, a four-cylinder, four-stroke indirect injection engine fueled with gasoline, LPG, and ethanol was used. The results were collected at a constant engine speed of 2500 rpm with variable compression ratios of 8.5:1, 10.5:1, 12.5:1 (original), 14.5:1, and 16.5:1. The influence of compression ratio on brake power, effective torque, specific fuel consumption, peak fire pressure, peak fire temperature, and emissions was calculated. It was found that when the engine operates with a different compression ratio, ethanol, and LPG produce better performance and combustion characteristics. On the other hand, carbon monoxide, NOx, and unburned hydrocarbon emissions decrease when the engine is operated on ethanol fuel at all compression ratios.

Numerical Study of Combustion Characteristics, Performance and Emissions of an SI Engine Running on Gasoline, Ethanol and LPG