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The liver one of the vital organs of the human body. Its main job is to sieve the blood coming from the digestive tract, before passing it to the rest of the body. The liver detoxifies chemicals and metabolizes drugs. As it does so, the liver secretes bile that ends up back in the intestines. The liver also makes proteins important for blood clotting and other functions. The present study evaluated the adverse effect on the liver biochemical indices following dermal exposure to nigerian bonny light crude oil (BLCO) on 25 albino whister rats. 10 albino whister rats served as control while 15 albino whister rats were treated and grouped into 3 based on the treatment scheme (1ml, 2ml, and 3ml). The body weight, serum biochemical assays of the liver where evaluated. The result obtained shows that there was an increase in the weight of the control (untreated) (101.20±2.781 and 111.40±2.591) for weight before and after treatment respectively with a statistically significant for the control, while the treated group (BLCO) had a mean of 120.00±10.351 (before treatment) and 106.33±10.431 (after treatment) showing a significant decrease in the weight of the exposed albino whister rats when compared with the control. The biochemical assays shows that ALP increased as the dose increased (1ml) 14.00±0.00, (2ml) 12.80±1.095 and (3ml) 13.40±2.191 respectively when compared with the control. The AST and ALT decreased as the dose increased (1ml) 218.20±25.743, (2ml) 59.80±12.050, and (3ml) 25.20±1.095 when compared with the control. The ALT had a statistical incraese when treated with (1ml) BLCO 150.00±2.739 when compared to the control and subsequently a decrease as the dose increased (2ml) 72.00±21.909 (3ml) and 212.20±31.768 respectively. Dermal exposure of these xenobiotics is almost certainly causing morphological alterations, soreness and necrosis of the cells of the liver and spleen, as observed from the histomicrographs. Chronic dermal exposure to BLCO had resulted in the absorption of its components into the blood stream and subsequent uptake by the liver. This has been shown to induce damaging effects on hepatocytes causing hepatotoxicity.

Adverse Effect on the Liver Biochemical Indices Following Dermal Exposure to Nigerian Bonny Light Crude Oil