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Review Article Methods: This prospective observational study included the late preterm neonates (34 0/7 weeks 36 6/7 weeks) born at Nazareth Hospital, Shillong, Meghalaya, India for a period of six months. Short term outcome was assessed in the form of morbidity during the study period and at follow up at 2 weeks and 6 weeks. The enrolled neonates were divided into three groups of 34 0/7 to 34 6/7 , 35 0/7 to 35 6/7 and 36 0/7 to 36 6/7 weeks. Results: During the study period, 1025 neonates were born at a large tertiary care teaching hospital located at Shillong, Meghalaya, India, of which 72 were late preterm. In the present study the data was collected from 66 late preterm neonates (91.6 %) of which, 26 neonates (39.4 %) were born at 34 th week of gestation (WG), 19 neonates (28.8 %) were born at 35 th WG and 21 neonates (31.8%) were born at 36 th WG. We observed that 22 out of 26 (84.6%) neonates of 34 WG, 17 out of 19 (89.4%) of neonates of 35 WG and only 11 out of 21 (52.3%) required NICU admission because of various associated morbidities. In our study 15.1% late preterm neonates developed hypothermia. We observed that 36.3% neonates developed hypoglycemia. A total of 18 (27.3%) late preterm neonates developed perinatal asphyxia. Respiratory distress syndrome (RDS) was present in 27 out of 66 neonates (40.9%). Feed intolerance developed in 6 out of 66 (9.09%) late preterm neonates. Jaundice developed in 31 out of 66 (46.9%) late preterm neonates. Probable sepsis developed in 17 out of 66 neonates (25.7 %). Sepsis was confirmed in 4 out of 66 (6 %) late preterm neonates. Conclusions: Late preterm infants suffer a large number of inter-current medical problems during the neonatal period, especially increased likelihood of resuscitation in the delivery room, hypothermia, hypoglycemia, jaundice requiring phototherapy, respiratory pathologies, sepsis and feeding intolerance.

An Observational Study on Late Preterm Neonates from a Post-Graduate Teaching Hospital in North East India