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Original Research Article Introduction: Birth asphyxia is defined by the World Health Organization "the failure to initiate and sustain breathing at birth." The WHO has estimated that 4 million babies die during the neonatal period every year and 99% of these deaths occur in low-income and middle income countries. Three major causes account for over three quarters of these deaths, serious infection (28%) complication of preterm birth (26%) and birth asphyxia (23%). This estimation implies that birth asphyxia is the cause of around one million neonatal deaths each year. One of the present challenges is the lack of a gold standard for accurately defining birth asphyxia. Because of same reason the incidence of birth asphyxia is difficult to quantify in Khulna Medical College, Khulna, Bangladesh. Aim of the Study: The aim of this study was to find out the clinical outcome of birth asphyxia, identify the common obstetric and neonatal risk factors, and study the cause of death. Material & Methods: Between Jan 2019 and Dec 2019, there were 114 live births asphyxiated neonates whose were clinically diagnosed and admitted in the department of pediatrics at Khulna Medical College Hospital, Khulna, Bangladesh in the mentioned hospital were finalized as the study population. Clinical information was collected retrospectively from maternal records (maternal age, gravida, type of delivery, presence of Thick meconium stain, induced or spontaneous labour, and pregnancy complications). The KMC records provided additional information about new born infant (birth asphyxia, stages of birth asphyxia, birth weight, sex and subsequent mortality). Results: The outcome of treatment in babies with birth asphyxia showing in Recovery rate in group one (HIE I) was 18(15.79%) , in group two (HIE II) was 77(97.40) and in group three (HIE III) was 7(6.14%) and Death ratio was in group one (HIE I) was 2(1.75%), in group two (HIE II) was 3(2.63%) and in group three (HIE III) was 7(6.14%). In the morbidity and mortality in cases of birth asphyxia the highest causes of death in stage 3(HIE III) was 5(58.33%) Preterm with Hyaline membrane disease was 3(25%) and then the higher causes of death in stage III were Neonatal sepsis 2(16.67%). Conclusion: Birth asphyxia was one of the commonest causes of admission and mortality in SCANU and others beds in Khulna Medical College Hospital for Pediatric department. Babies with HIE Stage III had a very poor prognosis. Birth asphyxia combined with other morbidities was associated with a higher mortality. Sepsis is the commonest morbidity in cases of birth asphyxia. Maternal gravida, pregnancy complication with PROM, Thick meconium stain, APH, emergency caesarean section, pre-term and male sex were the risk factors for birth asphyxia.

“Clinical Profile of Children with Birth Asphyxia: A Retrospective Study in Khulna Medical College, Hospital”