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Torrens River is situated in the most populated catchment of Adelaide, South Australia. Over the past several decades the lower part of the catchment has been heavily altered by urbanization that has impacted the water quality of Torrens streams. Recurrent algal blooms along the river are driven both by stormwater runoff and in-stream pollutants. This study aims to estimate the loadings of nutrients and sediments of the urban section of Torrens river catchment (also known as Karrawirra Parri Prescribed Watercourse) between 2007 and 2016. This part of the river initially receives water from the Gorge weir and its flow is swelling by urban tributaries downstream. The Soil and Water Assessment Tool (SWAT) has been applied to develop a comprehensive model by integrating all available data on weather, soil, land use, hydrology and water quality in the catchment. The data from 2007 to 2009 were used as a “warm-up” period. The model has been calibrated from 2010 to 2013 for the main stream and one creek site. The calibrated model has been validated for the main stream from 2014 to 2015 as well as for tributaries that have been spatially-explicit monitored from 2015 to 2016. The results indicate that the model simulates reasonably well the runoff and nutrient loadings whilst results for sediment loadings are less satisfactory. The reasons behind these shortcomings are analyzed, taking into account the length and quality of available data records. The results obtained from this case study suggest that SWAT is an effective tool for simulating the long-term characteristics of surface runoff of urbanized semiarid catchments, and can assist in estimating nutrient loadings of the main stream and tributaries. The validated model is currently tested as a tool for simulating prospective effects of future land use and climate changes.

Modelling the runoff, nutrient and sediment loadings in the Torrens river catchment, South Australia using SWAT