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New biological invasions can cause great damage to natural, agricultural and urban ecosystems, particularly if the invasive species is able to establish across an area that is too large and in numbers that are too great for eradication to be feasible. Important decisions need to be made about what management strategies should be carried out after the initial discovery and as the invasion unfolds. For example, should we attempt a costly eradication of this invasive species at all? If so, what level of resources should be allocated to this attempt, and how should they be allocated? These decisions need to be made quickly, decisively and transparently, despite the fact that only limited information about the invasive species is likely to be available. An efficient functional characterisation system can help extract and distil the most important information from all available expert knowledge, and a suitable model that captures the essential processes involved in the early stages of a new biological invasion can help synthesize this information to provide assistance in making quick, decisive and transparent decisions. But what is the most important information that should be extracted and distilled from all available expert knowledge? And what are the most essential processes involved in the early stages of a new biological invasion that should be represented in a model of this invasion? In this paper we discuss a project with the CRC for National Plant Biosecurity that aims to develop an efficient system for functional characterisation of newly detected invasive organisms, for quick parameterisation of models of biological invasion. As part of the project, a general model of biological invasion (GMBI) has been developed. In this paper we discuss the motivation for developing such a model; an initial proposed structure for the model; and a number of potential uses for the model. We also discuss how the GMBI can be used to address the question of what really needs to be included in a spatially explicit model of new biological invasions.

A general spatially-explicit model to inform rapid response to new biological invasions: why do we need one and what should it look like?