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With the present text we intend to carry out a reflexive exercise on the state of art regarding the sociology of education and its field of study from functionalist, interactionist, reproductive, correspondence, resistance and credentialist theories. An analysis is also presented on the impact of sociology in the study of the inequality of educational systems in Latin America and the implementation of educational policies that guarantee equity and equality of opportunitiesto access public education. To this end, the contributions of the theory of reproduction to the study of educational systems in Latin America from Bordieu and Bernstein are reviewed, as well as the reproductive notions raised and examined by Karl Marx, as opposed to education in a Capitalist system, and the notions of resistance, proposed by Henry Giroux, against a radical. pedagogy.

Las teorías sobre la sociología de la educación y su impacto en los sistemas y políticas educativas en América Latina