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B ST R A C T Background: Kidneys with one renal artery are mostly desired in transplantation. The study investigated the correlation between sex, blood groups, and the anatomy of the renal vascular pedicle. The study group Material and Methods: comprised 322 corpses (176 male and 146 female), where we determined the number of renal arteries and venous renal vascularization anomalies. The obtained results were correlated with sex and blood groups of the investigated individual. A single renal artery occurred significantly more often in female (105/146; 72%) than in man Results: (95/176; 54%) (p=0.0001). The above-mentioned was significantly correlated with the blood groups (p=0.0476). This correlation was not observed in case of the venous system (p=0.304). A single renal artery was mostly observed in blood group O (140/251; 55.8%), most rarely in blood group A (142/321; 44.2%), and intermediate values were observed in blood groups AB (52.5%) and B (48.1%). The Rh(+) factor has a positive (51.2%), while the Rh(-) a negative (39%) influence on the occurrence of bilateral, single renal arteries (p=0.014). The female sex in a normal renal artery system dominates over the male sex in blood group O (38/48; 79.2% and 32/56; 57%, respectively) (p=0.001), and blood group B (24/35; 68.6% and 14/28; 50 %, respectively) (p=0.004), and insignificantly more often in case of blood group AB (10/13; 77% and 11/19; 58%, respectively) (p=0.14), as well as at the border of significance in case of A blood group (33/52; 63.5% and 38/71; 53.5%, respectively) ( p=0.082). Right-sided venous supernumerary was observed significantly more often in blood group A (18/76; 23.7%), and most rarely in blood group O (7/64; 10.9%) (p=0.049). Female Conclusions: sex significantly positively correlated with single renal artery on both sides. In blood group O there were significantly more cases with bilateral single renal arteries, while in group A the lowest. ORIGINAL RESEARCH PAPER Pathomorphology

SEX AND BLOOD GROUPS AND THE STRUCTURE OF THE RENAL VASCULAR PEDICLE IN MAN