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Moina macrocopa is a natural feed that can be cultured to producing ephippia as a bioproduct for fish and shrimp larvae feed. The number of males in the population affects the quality and quantity of ephippia produced. This study was conducted with the purpose of examining the female age in M. macrocopa mating and examining the ratio male-female M. macrocopa in the mating on the quantity and quality of ephippia produced. The treatment in this research was the ratio male-female sex of 1:30, 3:30, 5:30, 7: 30. 9:30., 12:30, 15: 30. Male and female sexual offspring M macrocopa were produced from cultured using a combination of induction factors such as density, feed concentration, kairomones and dissolved oxygen. male and female offspring produced were cultured with a density of 1000 ind/ L. This mating culture was using a container with a volume of water of 2 ml per individual. The results of this study were indicated that mating M. macrocopa using 70-hour old sexual females resulted in the highest ephippia production. Mating M. macrocopa with a sex ratio of 9:30 (male and female sexual) ware resulted in ephippia containing two eggs of 100%, with ephippia hatching degree of 35.438.3%. Keyword : culture, hatching, ephippia, eggs, ricebran ةيقارعلا ةيعارزلا مولعلا ةلجم 2021 : 52 ) 2 :) 471 478 نورخَاو كرابم ةبسنلا ىلثملا روكذلل ثانلإاو يف جوا زت انيوم ابوكوركام ( تايرشق ، يادينوم ) كرابم يدسجلا دز روينوج يدويربوس 1 مسق . ةيرحبلا ، ةيلك دياصملا ةيرحبلاو ، ةعماج Airlangga ، مرحلا يعماجلا C Mulyorejo Surabaya 60115 ، ةواج ةيقرشلا ، ايسينودنإ 2 مسق شاوكأ ، ةيلك دياصملا مولعو راحبلا ، روجوب كيرجأ . ةعماجلا ، Kampus IPB Dramaga. روجوب 16680 ، ةواج ةيبرغلا ، يسينودنإ صلختسملا Moina macrocopa وه فلع يعيبط نكمي هعا رزتسا جاتنلإ تابن ايبيفلإا جتنمك يويح ةيذغتل تاقري كامسلأا نايبورلاو . رثؤي ددع روكذلا يف ناكسلا ىلع ةدوج ةيمكو ايبيفلإا ةجتنملا . تيرجأ هذه ةسا ردلا فدهب صحف رمع ىثنلأا يف جوا زت M. macrocopa و صحف ةبسن روكذلا ىلإ ثانلإا M. macrocopa يف جوا زتلا ىلع ةيمك ةيعونو ephippia جتنملا . ناك جلاعلا يف اذه ثحبلا وه ةبسن سنجلا نيب روكذلا ثانلإاو نم 1:30 ، 3:30 ، 5:30 ، 7 : 30 . 9:30 . ، 12:30 ، 15:30 . جتني نم تاتبنتسملا مادختساب ةعومجم نم لماوعلا ةيثحبلا لثم ةفاثكلا زيكرتو فلعلا تانوموريكلاو نيجسكلأاو باذملا . مت عا رزتسا روكذ ثان او ةيرذ ةفاثكب 1000 نودنإ / رتل . مت مادختسا ءاعو هب ءام مجحب 2 لم لكل درف . تراشأ جئاتن هذه ةسا ردلا ىلإ نأ جوا زت M. macrocopa مادختساب ثانإ ةيسنج رمعب 70 ةعاس ىدأ ىلإ ىلعأ جاتنإ ايبيفلإل . جوا زت M. macrocopa ةبسنب سنج 9:30 ( روكذ ثان او ) جتن هنع ءاوتحا ايبيفلاا ىلع نيتضيب ةبسنب 100 ? ، ةجردو سقف ايبيفلاا 35.4 38.3 ?. ةملكلا ةيحاتفملا : ةفاقثلا ، سقفلا ، ايبيفلاا ، ضيبلا ، ةلاخن زرلأا Received:12/3/2020, Accepted:26/6/2020 Iraqi Journal of Agricultural Sciences –2021:52(2):471-478 Mubarak &et al. 473 INTRODUCTION The rising price of Artemia cysts makes Moina one of the natural food choices for fish and shrimp larvae, due to its body size (± 400 um) and nutritional value comparable to Artemia. Ephippia M. macrocopa can be stored for up to 70 years and hatched at any time in a relatively short time (18). The production of ephippia M. macrocopa is still constrained in terms of both quantity and quality ephippia, which is currently produced has low hatchability. One effort to increase the quantity and quality of ephippia is by regulating the sex ratio of male females in the mating of M. macrocopa. Male and female sex ratios in Moina mating affect the success of conception, the number of ephippia containing an embryo and the number of ephippia containing two embryos. Ephippia M. macrocopa only produced by female sexual offspring who do not undergo reproductive parthenogenesis (2). Production of male offspring and ephippia cladosera can be induced by the quality and quantity of feed (10), population density (22) , temperature, water quality and fish kairomone. Our previous results showed that male and female sexual M. macrocopa can be produced from culture by combining several induction factors simultaneously including density, the concentration of ricebran suspension and carp feces (kairomone) (15). Cultutre of M. Macrocopa without aeration with a parent density of 660 ind/L using ricebrain suspension of 45-54 μg/ parent resulted in the production of M. macrocopa male offspring (253-263 ind/L.) M. macrocopa culture used aeration with a parent density of 660 ind/L, ricebrain suspension of 56-80 μg/parent, goldfish feces 3.86 mg/L was produced the females with the highest ephippia production (6069 grains/ L). Conde et al. (5) stated that if the egg cells (resting eggs) from the sexual female M. macrocopa are not fertilized by the males than it will be described as ephippia without eggs or (the eggs is) damaged. The quantity and quality of males affected the amount of ephippium fertilized in ephippia or the number of ephippia containing two eggs (4). Higly number male in population will increases the number of sexual females being married (21). According to Leung, (12), he reported that the sex ratio of male and female M. australiensis in mating is 4: 5. With this research, an optimal ratio of sexual males and females will be obtained in the mating of M. macrocopa which is useful for increasing the quantity and quality of M. macrocopa ephippia that being produced. This study aims to examine the sex ratio of male and female age on the quantity and quality of ephippia M. macrocopa produced. MATERIALS AND METHODS Research design This study uses a completely randomized design (CRD), which consists of two substudies. First are the effective age of female sexual offspring induced in M. macrocopa mating and the second is the sex ratio of males and sexual females which is as follows: A). 1:30, B). 3:30, C). 5:30, D). 7: 30 E). 9:30. F). 12:30 and G). 15:30. Production of the male and sexual female offspring M. macrocopa. M. macrocopa sexual females were produced from a culture with a parent density of 660 ind/L using aeration (28 ml/min), ricebran 5680 μg/parent suspension, 3.86 mg/L goldfish feces. M. macrocopa male offspring were produced from a culture with a parent density of 660 ind/L and using a ricebran-45-54 μg/parent suspension. The males and females are obtained on the third day and separated from the mother by screening. Offspring was cultured with a density of 1000 ind/L with ricebran suspension feed that supports the production of ephippia (22). During the rearing period, M. macrocopa fed with ricebran suspension concentrations, as in Table 1. The cultured M. macrocopa was conducted in a confined space with daytime lighting of 700-900 lux and 50 -100 lux nights. On the second day (24-hour age) identification and separation of males, especially in the culture for the provision of sexual females. Male are kept until 3 days (72 hours) before being used in mating culture. Iraqi Journal of Agricultural Sciences –2021:52(2):471-478 Mubarak &et al. 473 Table 1. Ricebran suspension concentrations for induction of production of males, sexual females and the culture of M. macrocopa offspring Day Ricebran Suspension (mg/L)

OPTIMAL RATIO OF MALE AND SEXUAL FEMALE IN THE MATING OF MOINA MACROCOPA (CRUSTACEA, MONIDAE)