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Dewasa ini penderita penyakit gangguan metabolik terus mengalami peningkatan jumlah penderita. Salah satu dari penyakit gangguan metabolik yaitu Diabetes melitus atau masyarakat awam mengenalnya dengan penyakit kencing manis. Prevalensi diabetes melitus di Indonesia diperkirakan akan mencapai 21,3 juta orang pada tahun 2030. Diabetes melitus ditandai oleh meningkatnya kadar glukosa dalam darah yang disebabkan karena kelainan sekresi insulin, penurunan kerja insulin ataupun keduanya. Diabetes melitus berkaitan erat dengan komplikasi berupa makroangiopati ataupun mikroangiopati. Banyak negara mengembangkan senyawa herbal yang memiliki khasiat menurunkan kadar glukosa dalam darah seperti jamur kuping hitam (Auriculria polytricha). Jamur kuping hitam mengandung flavonoid dan polisakarida berupa serat (43,2%) yang berperan penting dalam menurunkan kadar glukosa darah. Mekanisme kerja flavonoid dalam menurunkan kadar glukosa darah yaitu menurunkan penyerapan glukosa dengan menghambat GLUT 2 mukosa, meningkatkan pemakaian glukosa di jaringan perifer dan menurunkan stress oksidatif. Sedangkan polisakarida dapat mengendalikan penyerapan glukosa pada pencernaan sehingga mampu menurunkan kadar glukosa darah. Nowadays patients with metabolic disorders are continously increase recently. One of those metabolic disorder is Diabetes mellitus or people know as “kencing manis” disease. The prevalence of diabetes mellitus in Indonesia is estimated to be as many as 21,3 million people in 2030. Diabetes mellitus is characterized by the increase of glucose levels in the blood caused by the abnormalities of insulin secretion, the decrease of insulin function or both. Diabetes mellitus is closely related to complications such as macroangiopathy and microangiopathy. There are many countries elaborate herbal coumpounds that have efficacy for decreasing blood glucose levels such as wood ear mushroom (Auricularia polytricha). Wood ear mushroom contains is flavonoid and polyssacharides in form of fiber (43,2%) which havean important role in decreasing blood glucose levels. The mechanisms how flavonoids decrease blood glucose levels is by decrease glucose absorption by inhibit the intestinal mucosa GLUT 2, decrease stimulation of peripheral glucose utilisation and decrease oxidative stress. Polysaccharides help to control the glucose absorptionin the gastrointestinal to maintain the blood glucose levels.

Potensi Jamur Kuping Hitam (auricularia polytricha) Sebagai Terapi Alternatif Diabetes Melitus