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This study investigates the ultrafast dynamics of coherent phonons andphonon-polaritons in lithium niobate (LiNbO$_{3}$) crystals using reflectivepump-probe spectroscopy with 25-fs time resolution. In addition to severalcoherent optical phonon modes, the electro-optic sampling measurements exploredthe coexistence of phonon-polariton E-modes near 3.8 and 14.9 THz, which agreesconsiderably with the theoretical phonon-polariton dispersion curves. We alsodiscovered that a time lag ($\Delta$t $\approx$ 0.2 ps) between the coherentoptical phonon and phonon-polariton originates from the coupling time forpropagating phonon-polariton. Our findings provide a possible application ofLiNbO$_{3}$ for ultrafast electro-optic phonon modulators with bandwidthsgreater than 10 THz.

Ultrafast dynamics of coherent phonons and phonon-polaritons in lithium niobate crystals