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Neste trabalho, analiso, a partir de um olhar antropologico, as tensoes surgidas nesta decada, na cidade do Rio Grande/RS, em virtude da chegada de trabalhadores migrantes de outros estados do Brasil, especialmente da Bahia. Com a ampliacao do porto e com a criacao de um polo naval na cidade, resultado dos investimentos do Programa de Aceleracao do Crescimento, do governo federal, Rio Grande tem passado por um periodo de acelerado crescimento urbano e economico, com diversos efeitos colaterais negativos, como aumento da violencia, inflacao, caos na mobilidade urbana, entre outros. Para boa parte dos moradores da cidade, a culpa de tais mazelas e dos trabalhadores migrantes, os chamados “baianos”. Alem de terem tomado as vagas de emprego que seriam destinadas aos rio-grandinos, eles ainda teriam provocado alteracoes deleterias na rotina da cidade, ate entao pacata e ordeira. Busco, atraves de observacoes etnograficas e entrevistas, com “baianos” e rio-grandinos, desenvolver reflexoes antropologicas sobre identidades culturais regionais, migracao e preconceito, a partir do caso local de Rio Grande. Em sintese, e possivel dizer que, para muitos rio-grandinos, dos mais variados graus de escolaridade e condicoes socioeconomicas, os “baianos” sao vistos, com efeito, como menos civilizados e desordeiros, como ameaca ao emprego local e as mulheres e familias. Nesse processo complexo de julgamento do outro, isto e, do migrante, sao acionados estereotipos regionais e preconceitos, e sao criados estigmas que, evidentemente, dificultam a insercao desses trabalhadores na vida social local de Rio Grande. Palavras-chave: Identidades culturais regionais. Migracao. Preconceito. ANTHROPOLOGICAL REFLECTIONS ON CULTURAL AND REGIONAL IDENTITIES, MIGRATION, AND PREJUDICE: THE “BAIANOS” WORKERS IN RIO GRANDE/RS, BRAZIL Abstract: In this paper, I analyse the social tensions which have evolved in Rio Grande/RS, a southern Brazilian town, in this decade, because of migrant workers arrival, from other Brazilian states, especially from Bahia to that town. Rio Grande has crossed a period of an accelerated urban and economic growth, since the port expansion and the creation of a naval industry in town, due to the Programa de Aceleracao do Crescimento (PAC), created by Brazilian federal government. This growth has had side effects, such as increasing of violence, inflation, urban chaos, etc. For many people who live in Rio Grande, these problems have been caused by the migrant workers called “baianos”. They are known to have taken local jobs, and, besides that, they are said to have changed everyday life in town, bringing chaos and conflict. I used ethnographic observation and interviews with “baianos” and rio-grandinos to understand cultural and regional identities, migration, and prejudice, through anthropological reflections, considering the local case of Rio Grande. It is possible to say that, for many people from Rio Grande, from different socioeconomic backgrounds and with different education, the “baianos” are seen as less civilized, against local order, and as a threat to local job opportunities, to women and families. In this complex process of the other’s judgement, people produce regional stereotypes and prejudice, and stigmas are created. In this sense, the migrant workers possibilities of insertion in local social life are difficulted. Keywords: Cultural and regional identities. Migration. Prejudice.

Reflexões antropológicas sobre identidades culturais regionais, migração e preconceito: o caso dos trabalhadores 'baianos' na cidade do Rio Grande/RS