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Palmyra palm is a significant economic crop in Kirimat District, Sukhothai Province, and generates  large  quantities  of  husks,  stalks  and  shells  as  by-products  and  wastes,  which impacts  on  the  local  environment.  This  study  investigated  (1)  production  of  compressed charcoal  briquettes  from  Palmyra  palm  husks,  fruit  calyx and  shells,  whose  physical properties and thermal performance were tested and analyzed according to Thai Community Product  Standard  (tcps  238/2004);  (2)  the  economic  return  of  the  production  process.  The results showed that 40%of shells of a mature palm fruit and 90% of the husk and fruit calyx of  young  palm  fruit  are  left  over.  Moreover,  the  thermal  properties  of  the  palm  husks,  fruit calyx  and  shells  were  found  to  be  similar  to  those  of  coconut  shells  and  oil  palms.  In  an experiment to test the properties of blends of the two products (husks and fruit calyx: shells) in  6  different  mixing  ratios  using  starch  paste  as  binding  agent,  all  6  mixing  ratios  showed thermal values ranging from 5,281.60–6,702.00 kcal kg-1, which exceeded the Thai CommunityProduct Standard (tcps). During combustion, these briquettes produced low levels of crackling, odour and  smoke  emissions,  and  drop  shatter.  These  characteristics  make  the  studied  briquettes appropriate for storage and transport. At a production cost of 4.83 baht kg-1for a production capacity  of  400kg d-1,  the  payback  period  was  1.3  years.  Therefore, the  palm  briquettes would  make  analternative  source  of  additional  income  and  an  alternative  fuelsubstitute  for wood charcoaland LPG.

Production of Charcoal Briquettes from Palmyra Palm Waste in Kirimat District, Sukhothai Province, Thailand