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The textile industry is under a continuous and unplanned obligation to meet the diverse array of customer demands. This obligation inevitably finds its reflections, which require the yarn industry to produce diverse, novel and creative yarns with high production speed. Consequently, new spinning techniques such as open-end rotor, open-end friction, air-jet have been introduced into the textile market, which offer improved properties, quality and/or reduced costs for yarn production. Among them, air-jet spinning system has obvious advantages like very high spinning and delivery speed [1–2]. Air-jet spinning technology was firstly introduced by DuPont in 1956, though at that time it was not commercially successful for 100% short staple spinning. By this system, the so-called fascinated yarns are produced, having outside binding fibers wrapped around a core of parallel fibers. Fascinated yarn production system is based on false twist principle, where the twist is imparted pneumatically in air-jet spinning [3–6]. Murata Machinery Ltd. from Japan has developed the most commercially successful air-jet spinning machines to date and continues to dominate globally the air-jet spinning technology. The company introduced its first air-jet spinning machine, Murata Jet Spinner, MJS 801, in 1982. The machine contains a three-roll drafting system and is equipped with two air-jet nozzles that create air vortices rotating in opposite directions. The system had some restriction on producing yarns of 100% cotton or rich blends of cotton fibers [7]. Subsequently, Murata has modified its air-jet spinning system. The latest concept in air-jet spinning developed by Murata Machinery Ltd. is known as the MVS – Murata Vortex Spinner, in 1997. Rieter Machine Works Ltd. has introduced similar air-jet spinning machine at the 2009 International Textile Machinery Exhibition in Istanbul [7–8]. These two systems use a modified single air nozzle which resulted in higher number of wrapping fibers when compared with the previous air-jet spinning systems. In both systems, the fiber bundles are firstly fed to a four-line drafting unit, and then the drafted fiber bundles are passed through the modified spinning nozzle and hallow spindle to make them into a strand of yarn. The air stream in spinning nozzle focuses the leading ends of the fiber bundles at the yarn center and directs the trailing ends to form the outer layer that wraps the yarn. This action results in a fascinated yarn structure that consists of a core of parallel fibers held together by wrapper fibers. The formed yarn passes through the yarn cleaner, where

A comparative analysis of air-jet yarn properties with the properties of ring spun yarns