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Indonesia’s online food delivery sector is expected to grow by 11.5% annually from 2020 to 2024.Food sales represented 27.85% of all e-commerce sales in 2018, making it the largest categoryin e-commerce.Online food delivery expands choice and convenience for consumers. It also provides employmentand economic opportunities for sellers and deliverers. However, the disconnect betweenconsumers and sellers as a result of third-party delivery services creates unique food safetychallenges.Responsibility for food safety standards, pre-market certification, and post-market supervisionlies with the National Agency of Drug and Food Control (NA-DFC), the Ministry of Health, andcity/district governments. A complicated registration process keeps smaller enterprisesfrom formalizing their businesses before entering the market, while the lack of capacity andcoordination among government institutions hinders effective post-market supervision. Thiscarries real consequences—half of the unregistered food in Indonesia was found to be unsafefor consumption.To strengthen the food safety system for online food delivery, city and district governmentsshould reduce barriers to market entry for household enterprises. The pre-market certificationprocess needs to be simple, educate merchants about food safety standards, and facilitate themonitoring and tracing of food safety issues.Co-regulation with the private sector needs to be incorporated into the regulatory frameworkfor food safety. Co-regulation addresses difficulties in the public enforcement of food safetyand complements public enforcement with private sector initiatives. This reality should beacknowledged in the current deliberations of the Food and Drug Supervision Bill.Finally, processed food deliveries should be temporarily exempt from local governments’plastic reduction policies while policies are re-evaluated and regulations should consider theunique needs of the food businesses and the various types and characteristics of plastic bags.Biodegradable plastics should remain an option for food businesses. The government shouldincentivize innovations on durable and sustainable alternatives to plastic.

Promoting Food Safety in Indonesia’s Online Food Delivery Services