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Introduction Iran faces road safety challenges. The country has a high rate of road traffic deaths, with 32.30 deaths per 100 000 population per year according to the World Health Organization (WHO) estimate in 2018. About 6000 traffic accidents occur annually in the country; killing 43 people daily. Motorcyclists mortality accounted for 21.8% of total traffic accidents (1,2). Most motorcycle fatalities occur on suburban roads that account for 44.5% of the total mortality. Subsequently, 38.5% died in urban areas, 10.8% in rural areas, 1.2% in private roads, and 5.2% in other areas. Statistics show that the most common cause of death for motorcyclists is injuries to the head that was responsible for 51.6% of deaths. Based on evidence, 54.6% of motorcycle fatalities were among people aged between 18 and 39 years. A significant percentage of motorcycle crashes happen among teenagers and adolescents (24). This can be due to many factors such as type of the vehicle, easier procurement, the excitement of using it, age condition, non-compliance with laws and regulations, risky driving, non-use of helmet, and having more passengers than allowed capacity. In this regard, the best action to prevent the mortality is the use of helmet. Although a large proportion of accidents are directly related to the attitude and behavior of individuals, the literature shows that despite the importance of this issue, there are ample studies using theories and models of behavior change to investigate risk taking behaviors. (5-11). It seems that the application of behavioral science to injury prevention has lingered behind other approaches in the history of injury prevention efforts. Without a theory-driven approach, many of these interventions failed or attained limited success (8,9). The failure to use health behavior theories to understand behavioral health factors and to develop effective interventions may be a core factor behind the limited success of injury prevention efforts to change behaviors. Health behavior theories offer important insights into behavioral change, and are most applicable at different levels of risk taking behaviors. Specifically, the intrapersonal level of influence focuses on the impact Original Article Volume 7, Issue 1, 2021, p. 41-45

Assessing readiness for change in the Helmet use: a motivational interview