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Purpose:  Myocardial infarction (MI), known as a multifactorial disease, remains the predominant cause of mortality and sudden deaths annually. The current study aimed to measure the expression of microRNA-1 and microRNA-221-3p in MI patients.  Methods:  In the current study, 100 healthy controls (with no history of heart disease) and 200 patients with MI were selected. Patients were divided into two groups based on angiography results: normal (no significant artery stenosis) and primary percutaneous coronary intervention (primary PCI, significant artery stenosis). The levels of microRNA-1 and microRNA-221-3p were quantified using real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction. The correlation between levels of microRNAs and the common cardiac markers were analyzed statistically.  Results:  In comparison to fold change, microRNA-1 elevations were 8.5-fold in normal patients and 60-fold in patients with primary PCI; while microRNA-221-3p levels were 210- fold higher in primary PCI and 31.31-fold higher in normal cases compared with the healthy controls. Receiver operating characteristic analysis showed that the area under the curve (AUC) for circulating microRNA-1 and microRNA-221 were 0.903 and 0.958 in normal patients and 0.927 and 0.985 in primary PCI patients ( p &lt; 0.0001), respectively. Pearson correlation ( ρ ) analysis showed that circulation of microRNA-1 correlated with serum levels of cardiac troponin I (CTnI) ( ρ =0.24), creatinine ( ρ =0.34), creatinine kinase-myocardial band (CK-MB) ( ρ =0.31), and microRNA-221-3p was significantly correlated with serum levels of CTnI ( ρ =0.6), creatinine ( ρ =0.41), and CK-MB ( ρ =0.37), ( P &lt; 0.0001).  Conclusion:  The study underscored the potential of microRNA-1 and microRNA-221-3p as informative biomarkers and positively correlated with artery stenosis in MI.

Up-Regulation of Cell-Free MicroRNA-1 and MicroRNA-221-3p Levels in Patients with Myocardial Infarction Undergoing Coronary Angiography