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While engineers put lots of effort, resources, and time in building insectscale micro aerial vehicles (MAVs) that fly like insects, insects themselvesare the real masters of flight. What if we would use living insect as platformfor MAV instead? Here, we reported a flight control via electrical stimulationof a flight muscle of an insect-computer hybrid robot, which is the interfaceof a mountable wireless backpack controller and a living beetle. The beetleuses indirect flight muscles to drive wing flapping and three major directflight muscles (basalar, subalar and third axilliary (3Ax) muscles) to controlthe kinematics of the wings for flight maneuver. While turning control wasalready achieved by stimulating basalar and 3Ax muscles, electrical stimulationof subalar muscles resulted in braking and elevation control in flight. We alsodemonstrated around 20 degrees of contralateral yaw and roll by stimulatingindividual subalar muscle. Stimulating both subalar muscles lead to an increaseof 20 degrees in pitch and decelerate the flight by 1.5 m/s2 as well as aninduce an elevation of 2 m/s2.

Braking and Body Angles Control of an Insect-Computer Hybrid Robot by Electrical Stimulation of Beetle Flight Muscle in Free Flight