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Leonotis nepetifolia is a plant popularly known as “cordão-de-frade” and belongs to the Lamiaceae family. Native to Africa and naturalized in the state of Rio Grande do Sul, it is used in folk and Ayurvedic medicine for the treatment of various diseases such as skin infections, rheumatism, cough, stomach pain, sedative and others. In view of this, it is justified to choose of this plant as target of this study. The objective of this work was to obtain crude extract (EBFoLn), n-hexane (FHFoLn) and ethyl acetate fractions (FAFoLn) of L. nepetifolia leaves, to perform the phytochemical analysis and in vitro evaluation of antibacterial and antioxidant activities of extract and fractions. The crude extract (15% yield) was obtained by maceration in methanol for 7 days, being evaporated to dryness and fractionated with n-hexane and ethyl acetate to obtain FHFoLn and FAFoLn. The extract and fractions were analyzed by qualitative phytochemical tests, which indicated the presence of coumarins, tannins, alkaloids, terpenes and flavonoids. Antioxidant activity was performed by the free radical scavenging 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrilidrazila (DPPH) method, and the antimicrobial activity by broth microdilution technique against Proteus mirabilis, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Shigella sonnei, Klebsiella pneumonia, Salmonella typhimurium, Bacillus cereus, Enterobacter aerogenes and Morganella morganii. The crude extract and ethyl acetate fraction showed higher antiradical activity in the DPPH assay, with IC50 values of 75.88 g/mL and 72.46 g/mL, respectively. In the evaluation of antibacterial activity, the n-hexane and ethyl acetate fractions showed good results against the bacteria tested, especially the ethyl acetate fraction, with MICs50 of 31.25 g/mL and 62.5 g/mL for Enterobacter aerogenes and Klebsiella pneumoniae bacteria, respectively. These results demonstrate that the ethyl acetate fraction possess metabolites able to contributing to antioxidant and antibacterial activity, which is promising for further studies to investigate the chemical composition of this fraction.

brazilian journal of development

TRIAGEM FITOQUÍMICA, ATIVIDADE ANTIOXIDANTE E ANTIMICROBIANA IN VITRO DE LEONOTIS NEPETIFOLIA / PHYTOCHEMICAL SCREENING, IN VITRO ANTIOXIDANT AND ANTIBACTERIAL ACTIVITIES OF LEONOTIS NEPETIFOLIA