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Mast cell tumor (MCT), or mastocytoma, the second most common skin tumor in dogs, is characterized by neoplastic transformations and abnormal proliferation of mast cells from cutaneous or visceral origins. Mutations in the proto-oncogene c-kit are present in 15% of dogs with MCT and up to 35% in high-grade tumors. In the clinical management of the disease, some characteristics, such as anatomical occurrence, histological grading, clinical staging, age and breed, are important parameters to better drive the treatment and predict the prognosis of each patient. However, it is not clear the correlations between c-kit mutation and clinical/epidemiological data, demonstrating the necessity of new studies. In this study, 78 clinical cases of canine patients with MCT were analyzed in Campinas SP, Brazil, at Oncovida Veterinary Oncology Center, in the period of 2017 to 2019, to determine the frequency, prevalence and correlations between molecular, clinical and epidemiological aspects. Results presented here shows that mixed breed dogs (51%) were the most affected, followed by Labrador (17%) and Boxer (16%). Most dogs were female (67%), aged 6 to 10 years (62%); 42% of the animals had tumors located in the pelvic limb and 17% had nodules in the chest. The most used method for diagnosis was histopathology, totalizing 60% of cases, followed by aspirative cytology (26%) and immunohistochemistry (8%). Regarding histological variables, 3 patients had grade I (11.8%), 47 had grade II (61%) and 15 had grade III (19%) and, according to KIUPEL et al. (2011) classification, 77 % of the cases presented low grade and 23% were high grade. The survival of these patients was also analyzed, demonstrating that animals presenting grade I and grade II (low grade) had longer survival (68%) in relation to grade III (high grade) (16%) The variables showed a significant correlation between histological grade and c-kit mutation with breed, age, localization of the tumor, diagnostic, chosen treatment and survival, indicating that they are both decisive to the outcome of the disease. Only sex was not correlated, suggesting that both the grade of the tumor and the c-kit mutation were not found to contribute to a different development of the tumor in male or female. These results demonstrate important data on the clinical behavior of MCT in the region of Campinas-SP, presenting relevant knowledge that can be used in the future in the clinical manage of the patients with this disease and demonstrating the necessity of further studies on the epidemiology of MCT in each region of Brazil.

brazilian journal of development

A RETROSPECTIVE STUDY OF CANINE CUTANEOUS MAST CELL TUMOR: CORRELATION BETWEEN CLINICAL, HISTOLOGICAL AND MOLECULAR CHARACTERISTICS/ UM ESTUDO RETROSPECTIVO DE MASTÓCITOS CUTÂNEOS CANINOS: CORRELAÇÃO ENTRE CARACTERÍSTICAS CLÍNICAS, HISTOLÓGICAS E MOLECULARES